STANOZOLOL
Chemistry - An anabolic steroid, stanozolol occurs as an odorless, nearly colorless, crystallinepowder that can exist in two forms: prisms, melting at approximately 235°C, and needles that melt atabout 155°C. It is sparingly soluble in alcohol and insoluble in water.
Like nandrolone, stanozolol has been used to treat anemia of chronic disease. Because stanozololhas been demonstrated to enhance fibrinolysis after parenteral injection, it may be efficacious in thetreatment of feline aortic thromboembolism or in the treatment of thrombosis in nephroticsyndrome. However, at present, clinical studies and/or experience are apparently lacking for thisindication.
Contraindications/Precautions - Stanozolol is contraindicated in pregnant animals and inbreeding stallions and should not be administered to horses intended for food purposes.
The manufacturer recommends using stanozolol cautiously in patients with cardiac and renalfunction and with enhanced fluid and electrolyte monitoring.
In humans, anabolic agents are also contraindicated in patients with hepatic dysfunction, hypercalcemia, patients with a history of myocardial infarction (can cause hypercholesterolemia), pituitaryinsufficiency, prostate carcinoma, in selected patients with breast carcinoma, benign prostatichypertrophy and during the nephrotic stage of nephritis.
The anabolic agents are category X (risk of use outweighs any possible benefit) agents for use inpregnancy and are contraindicated because of possible fetal masculinization.
Potentially (from human data), adverse reactions of the anabolic agents in dogs and cats couldinclude: sodium, calcium, potassium, water, chloride, and phosphate retention; hepatotoxicity, behavioral (androgenic) changes and reproductive abnormalities (oligospermia, estrus suppression).
Overdosage - No information was located for this specific agent. In humans, sodium and waterretention can occur after overdosage of anabolic steroids. It is suggested to treat supportively andmonitor liver function should an inadvertent overdose be administered.
Monitoring of PT's and dosage adjustment, if necessary of the anticoagulant are recommended.
Diabetic patients receiving insulin may need dosage adjustments if anabolic therapy is added ordiscontinued. Anabolics may decrease blood glucose and decrease insulin requirements.
Anabolics may enhance the edema that can be associated with ACTH or adrenal steroid therapy.
Drug/Laboratory Interactions - Concentrations of protein bound iodine (PBI) can be decreased in patients receiving androgen/anabolic therapy, but the clinical significance of this is probably not important. Androgen/anabolic agents can decrease amounts of thyroxine-binding globulin and decrease total T4 concentrations and increase resin uptake of T3 and T4. Free thyroid hormones are unaltered and, clinically, there is no evidence of dysfunction.
Both creatinine and creatine excretion can be decreased by anabolic steroids. Anabolic steroidscan increase the urinary excretion of 17-ketosteroids.
Androgenic/anabolic steroids may alter blood glucose levels. Androgenic/anabolic steroids maysuppress clotting factors II, V, VII, and X. Anabolic agents can affect liver function tests (BSPretention, SGOT, SGPT, bilirubin, and alkaline phosphatase).
Storage, Stability, Compatibility
Stanozolol tablets should be stored in tight, light-resistantpackaging, preferably at room temperature.Pharmacology - STANOZOLOL
Stanozolol possess the actions of other anabolic agents. It may be less androgenicthan other anabolics that are routinely used in veterinary medicine, however. Refer to the discussionin the Boldenone monograph for more information.Uses, Indications
Labeled indications for the stanozolol product Winstrol®-V(Winthrop/Upjohn) include "... to improve appetite, promote weight gain, and increase strength andvitality..." in dogs, cats and horses. The manufacturer also states that "Anabolic therapy is intendedprimarily as an adjunct to other specific and supportive therapy, including nutritional therapy."Like nandrolone, stanozolol has been used to treat anemia of chronic disease. Because stanozololhas been demonstrated to enhance fibrinolysis after parenteral injection, it may be efficacious in thetreatment of feline aortic thromboembolism or in the treatment of thrombosis in nephroticsyndrome. However, at present, clinical studies and/or experience are apparently lacking for thisindication.
Pharmacokinetics - STANOZOLOL
No specific information was located for this agent. It is generally recommended that the injectable suspension be dosed on a weekly basis in both small animals and horses.Contraindications/Precautions - Stanozolol is contraindicated in pregnant animals and inbreeding stallions and should not be administered to horses intended for food purposes.
The manufacturer recommends using stanozolol cautiously in patients with cardiac and renalfunction and with enhanced fluid and electrolyte monitoring.
In humans, anabolic agents are also contraindicated in patients with hepatic dysfunction, hypercalcemia, patients with a history of myocardial infarction (can cause hypercholesterolemia), pituitaryinsufficiency, prostate carcinoma, in selected patients with breast carcinoma, benign prostatichypertrophy and during the nephrotic stage of nephritis.
The anabolic agents are category X (risk of use outweighs any possible benefit) agents for use inpregnancy and are contraindicated because of possible fetal masculinization.
Adverse Effects, Warnings
The manufacturer (Winthrop/Upjohn) lists as adverse effects indogs, cats and horses only "mild androgenic effects" and then only when used with excessivelyhigh doses for a prolonged period of time.Potentially (from human data), adverse reactions of the anabolic agents in dogs and cats couldinclude: sodium, calcium, potassium, water, chloride, and phosphate retention; hepatotoxicity, behavioral (androgenic) changes and reproductive abnormalities (oligospermia, estrus suppression).
Overdosage - No information was located for this specific agent. In humans, sodium and waterretention can occur after overdosage of anabolic steroids. It is suggested to treat supportively andmonitor liver function should an inadvertent overdose be administered.
Drug Interactions
Anabolic agents as a class may potentiate the effects of anticoagulants.Monitoring of PT's and dosage adjustment, if necessary of the anticoagulant are recommended.
Diabetic patients receiving insulin may need dosage adjustments if anabolic therapy is added ordiscontinued. Anabolics may decrease blood glucose and decrease insulin requirements.
Anabolics may enhance the edema that can be associated with ACTH or adrenal steroid therapy.
Drug/Laboratory Interactions - Concentrations of protein bound iodine (PBI) can be decreased in patients receiving androgen/anabolic therapy, but the clinical significance of this is probably not important. Androgen/anabolic agents can decrease amounts of thyroxine-binding globulin and decrease total T4 concentrations and increase resin uptake of T3 and T4. Free thyroid hormones are unaltered and, clinically, there is no evidence of dysfunction.
Both creatinine and creatine excretion can be decreased by anabolic steroids. Anabolic steroidscan increase the urinary excretion of 17-ketosteroids.
Androgenic/anabolic steroids may alter blood glucose levels. Androgenic/anabolic steroids maysuppress clotting factors II, V, VII, and X. Anabolic agents can affect liver function tests (BSPretention, SGOT, SGPT, bilirubin, and alkaline phosphatase).