Doses - AMMONIUM CHLORIDE

Dogs:

For urine acidification:
a) In struvite dissolution therapy if diet and antimicrobials do not result in acid urine: 200mg/kg/day PO divided tid (Lage, Polzin, and Zenoble 1988)
b) To enhance the renal elimination of certain toxins/drugs: 200 mg/kg/day divided qid(Grauer and Hjelle 1988)
c) To enhance elimination of strontium: 0.2 - 0.5 grams PO 3-4 times a day (used withcalcium salts) (Bailey 1986)

Cats:

For urine acidification:
a) In struvite dissolution therapy if diet and antimicrobials do not result in acid urine or tohelp prevent idiopathic FUS in a non-obstructed cat: 20 mg/kg PO bid (Lage, Polzin, and Zenoble 1988)
b) 800 mg per day given in the food once daily (if diet and antimicrobials do not reducepH) (Lewis, Morris, and Hand 1987)

Horses:

a) 4 - 15 grams PO (Swinyard 1975)

Cattle:

a) For urolithiasis prevention: 200 mg/kg PO (Howard 1986)
b) 15 - 30 grams PO (Swinyard 1975)

Sheep & Goats:

a) For urolithiasis prevention: 200 mg/kg PO (Howard 1986)
b) 1 - 2 grams PO (Swinyard 1975)
Monitoring Parameters -

1) Urine pH (Urine pH's of ?6.5 have been recommended as goals of therapy)

2) Blood pH if there are symptoms of toxicity or treating metabolic alkalosis

3) Serum electrolytes, if using chronically or if treating metabolic acidosis

4) Prior to IV use it is recommended that the carbon dioxide combining power of the patient's serum be measured to insure that serious acidosis is prevented
Client Information - Contact veterinarian if animal exhibits signs of nausea, vomiting, excessivethirst, hyperventilation or progressive lethargy.
Dosage Forms/Preparations/FDA Approval Status/Withholding Times -
Veterinary-Approved Products:
Ammonium Chloride Tablets: 357 mg (6.7 mEq/tablet) 50 & 500 tabs/bottle MEq-AC ® (Vet-A-Mix); 200 mg tablets in btls of 100 and 500 Uroeze-200® (Daniels) Approved for use in cats and dogs. (Rx)
Ammonium Chloride Granules:MEq-5AC® (Vet-A-Mix) Each teasponnsful (3.35 grams) contains 535 mg (10mEq) in 4 oz and 1 lb bottles; Uroeze® (Daniels) each 1/4 teaspoonsfulcontains 200 mg of ammonium chloride. Approved for cats and dogs (Rx)

Human-Approved Products:

Ammonium Chloride Tablets 500 mg (enteric-coated & plain) Note: enteric-coated tablets maybe excreted unchanged into the feces and are not recommended.
Generic; (OTC)
Ammonium Chloride Concentrate for Injection 26.75% (5 mEq/ml) in 20 ml (100 mEq) vials.
Must be diluted before infusion.
Generically labeled (Abbott); (Rx).
Preparation of solution for IV administration: Dilute 1 or 2 vials (100 - 200 mEq) in either500 or 1000 ml of sodium chloride 0.9% for Injection. Do not administer at a rate greaterthan 5 ml/min (human adult).
AMMONIUM MOLYBDATE