Doses - ENROFLOXACIN

Dogs:

For susceptible infections:
a) 5- 20 mg/kg per day PO, may be given once daily or divided and given twice daily(q12h). Treatment should continue for at least 2-3 days beyond cessation of clinicalsigns, to a maximum duration of therapy is 30 days. (Package insert; Baytril®¯Bayer)
b) Enrofloxacin: 2.5 mg/kg PO q12h up to 10 days. Injectable product is to be given IMfor the first dose and then followed by oral therapy. (Package insert; Baytril®¯Miles)
d) Enrofloxacin: 2.5 - 5 mg/kg PO or IM q12 h
Avoid or reduce dosage of these drugs in animals with severe renal failure; avoid inyoung animals or in pregnant or breeding animals (Vaden and Papich 1995)

Cats:

For susceptible infections:
a) 5- 20 mg/kg per day PO, may be given once daily or divided and given twice daily(q12h). Treatment should continue for at least 2-3 days beyond cessation of clinicalsigns, to a maximum duration of therapy is 30 days. (Package insert; Baytril®¯Bayer)
b) Enrofloxacin: 2.5 - 5 mg/kg PO or IM q12 h
Avoid or reduce dosage of these drugs in animals with severe renal failure; avoid inyoung animals or in pregnant or breeding animals (Vaden and Papich 1995)
Pocket Pets/Rodents:
For empiric antibiotic therapy:
a) 5 - 15 mg/kg q12h PO; tablets may be crushed and mixed with simple syrup (Oglesbee1995)

Horses:

Note: Usage of enrofloxacin in horses is controversial. While there has been much discussionregarding the potential for cartilage abnormalities or other arthropathies in horses, objectivedata are lacking. At the present time however, it probably should only be used in adult horseswhen other antibiotics are inappropriate with the client informed of, and agrees to accept therisks for any potential adverse effects.
a) 2.5 mg/kg q12h (Whittem 1993)

Cattle:

Enrofloxacin (Baytril® 100) has very recently been approved for the treatment of bovine respiratory disease associated with Pasteurella haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, and Haemophilus sommus. It is administered by injection and is intended to be used for thetreatment of individual animals. The reprted dosage is: 2.5 - 5 mg/kg subQ once daily for 3-5days or 7.5 - 12.5 mg/kg once. The product is prescription only and is not for use in cattleintended for dairy production or in veal calves. Animals intended for human consumption mustnot be slaughtered within 28 days from the last treatment. Extralabel use of fluoroquinolonesin food animals has been prohibited by the FDA.

Birds:

For susceptible gram negative infections:
a) Using ciprofloxacin 500 mg tablets: 20 - 40 mg/kg PO bid. Crushed tablet goes intosuspension well, but must be shaken well before administering. (McDonald 1989)
b) Ciprofloxacin (using crushed tablets): 20 mg/kg PO q12h
Enrofloxacin: 15 mg/kg PO, or IM or 250 mg/L of drinking water. (Bauck and Hoefer1993)
c) Ciprofloxacin (using crushed tablets or suspend) 10 - 15 mg/kg PO q12h (Hoeffer1995)
A method to make a 10.2 mg/ml oral suspension of enrofloxacin has been described: Make astock solution of "HMC 0.15%" by mixing 7.5 ml of Lubrivet® with 92.5 ml of water. Crushthree (3) whole 68 mg tablets with a "pinch" of citric acid. Add crushed mixture to adispensing vial and and 15 ml of "HMC0.15%". Shake well to dissolve tablet coating. qs adto 20 ml with "HMC 0.15%" and allow to stand at room temperature for 30 minutes to allowtablet coating to completely diossolve. Shake well before use and keep refrigerated. A 14 dayexpiration date has been assigned. By crushing six (6) tablets a 20.4 mg/ml suspension maybe compounded using the same technique.
Note: 3.23% concentrate is also available and is approved for use (in drinking water at either25 or 50 ppm for 3-7 days) in chickens and turkeys.

Reptiles:

For susceptible infections:
a) For most species: For respiratory infections:5 mg/kg IM every 5 days for 25 days; For chronic respiratory infections in tortoises: 15 mg/kg IM every 72 hours for 5-7 treatments. (Gauvin 1993)
Monitoring Parameters -1) Clinical efficacy; 2) Adverse effects
Client Information - Do not crush tablets as drug is very bitter tasting.
Dosage Forms/Preparations/FDA Approval Status/Withholding Times - Veterinary-Approved Products: (Note: See additional dosage forms in the dosage section for cattle and birds)
Enrofloxacin Oral Tablets 22.7 mg, 68 mg; Baytril® (Miles); (Rx) Approved for use in dogs and cats.
Enrofloxacin Injection 22.7 mg/ml in 20 ml vials; Baytril® (Miles); (Rx) Approved for use indogs. A non-approved method for diluting the IM injectable product for IV administration hasbeen described: Dilute 1 part of Baytril® injection with 2 parts of sterile water for injection andadminister IV over 20 minutes or so.
Human-Approved Products: None. Note: Use of enrofloxacin by humans cannot be recommmended due to a high degree of CNS effects.