TRIPELENNAMINE HCL
Chemistry - An ethylenediamine-derivative antihistamine, tripelennamine HCl occurs as a white, crystalline powder which will slowly darken upon exposure to light. It has a melting range of 188-192°C and pKas of 3.9 and 9.0. One gram is soluble in 1 ml of water or 6 ml of alcohol.
Contraindications/Precautions - Tripelennamine is not recommended to be given IV in horses(see Adverse Effects).
Other effects seen (in all species), include CNS depression, incoordination, and GI disturbances.
Tripelennamine has been mixed with pentazocine and injected by human opiate addicts and drugabusers. Be alert for clients suggesting that this drug be dispensed for their animals.
Overdosage - Overdosage of tripelennamine reportedly can cause CNS excitation, seizures andataxia. Treat symptomatically and supportively if symptoms are severe. Phenytoin (IV) is recommended in the treatment of seizures caused by antihistamine overdose in humans; barbituratesand diazepam are generally avoided.
CNS depressant drugs. Antihistamines may partially counteract the anti-coagulation effects ofheparin or warfarin.
Laboratory Interactions - Antihistamines can decrease the wheal and flare response to antigenskin testing. In humans, it is suggested that antihistamines be discontinued at least 4 days prior totesting.
Storage, Stability, Compatibility
Store the injection at room temperature and protect from light;avoid freezing or excessive heat. Tablets should also be stored at room temperature in tightcontainers.Pharmacology - TRIPELENNAMINE HCL
Antihistamines (H1-receptor antagonists) competitively inhibit histamine at H1receptor sites. They do not inactivate or prevent the release of histamine, but can prevent histamine'saction on the cell. Besides their antihistaminic activity, these agents also have varying degrees ofanticholinergic and CNS activity (sedation). Tripelennamine is considered to have moderate sedativeactivity and minimal anticholinergic activity when compared to other antihistamines.Uses, Indications
Antihistamines are used in veterinary medicine to reduce or help preventhistamine mediated adverse effects. Tripelennamine has been used as a CNS stimulant in "Downercows" when administered slow IV.Pharmacokinetics - TRIPELENNAMINE HCL
The pharmacokinetics of tripelennamine have apparently not been thoroughlystudied in domestic animals or humans.Contraindications/Precautions - Tripelennamine is not recommended to be given IV in horses(see Adverse Effects).
Adverse Effects, Warnings
CNS stimulation (hyperexcitability, nervousness, & muscle tremors)lasting up to 20 minutes, has been noted in horses after receiving tripelennamine intravenously.Other effects seen (in all species), include CNS depression, incoordination, and GI disturbances.
Tripelennamine has been mixed with pentazocine and injected by human opiate addicts and drugabusers. Be alert for clients suggesting that this drug be dispensed for their animals.
Overdosage - Overdosage of tripelennamine reportedly can cause CNS excitation, seizures andataxia. Treat symptomatically and supportively if symptoms are severe. Phenytoin (IV) is recommended in the treatment of seizures caused by antihistamine overdose in humans; barbituratesand diazepam are generally avoided.
Drug Interactions
Increased sedation can occur if chlorpheniramine is combined with otherCNS depressant drugs. Antihistamines may partially counteract the anti-coagulation effects ofheparin or warfarin.
Laboratory Interactions - Antihistamines can decrease the wheal and flare response to antigenskin testing. In humans, it is suggested that antihistamines be discontinued at least 4 days prior totesting.