Doses - ALLOPURINOL

Dogs:

For urate uroliths:
a) 7 - 10 mg/kg PO tid for both dissolution or prevention. Goal is to reduce urineurate:creatinine ratio by 50%. (Senior 1989)
b) For dissolution: 30 mg/kg/day PO divided into 2-3 doses per day. For prevention: 10 - 20 mg/kg/day. (Osborne et al. 1989)
c) Alkalinize urine to a pH of 6.5 - 7 (see sodium bicarbonate monograph), give low purinediet and eliminate any UTI. Allopurinol at 10 mg/kg tid for the first month, then 10mg/kg once daily thereafter. Reduce dose in patients with renal failure. (Polzin and Osborne 1985), (Lage, Polzin, and Zenoble 1988)
Prior to surgery:
a) 5 mg/kg PO 2 hours before surgery (McConnell and Hughey 1987)

Cats:

For urate uroliths:
a) 9 mg/kg PO per day (Schultz 1986)

Birds:

For gout:
a) In budgies and cockatiels: Crush one 100 mg tablet into 10 ml of water. Add 20 drops of this solution to one ounce of drinking water. (McDonald 1989)
b) For parakeets: Crush one 100 mg tablet into 10 ml of water. Add 20 drops of this solution to one ounce of drinking water or give 1 drop 4 times daily. (Clubb 1986)
Monitoring Parameters -

1) Urine uric acid (for urolithiasis)

2) Adverse effects

3) Periodic CBC, liver & renal function tests (e.g., BUN, Creatinine, liver enzymes); especially early in therapy.
Client Information - Unless otherwise directed, administer after meals. Notify veterinarian if animal develops a rash, becomes lethargic or ill.
Dosage Forms/Preparations/FDA Approval Status/Withholding Times - Veterinary-Approved Products: None

Human-Approved Products:

Allopurinol Tablets 100 mg, 300 mg; Zyloprim® (Glaxo Wellcome); Purinol® (Horner);
Generic. (Rx)