Indications/Pharmacology Tropicamide, like atropine, causes mydriasis and cycloplegia, but has more mydriatic than cycloplegic activity. Tropicamide has a more rapid onset (maximum mydriasis in 15-30 minutes) of action and a shorter duration of action (pupil returns to normal in 6-12 hours in most...
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Indications / Pharmacology Metipranolol HCl can be used as a substitute for timolol maleate (see above). Metipranolol is a nonselective beta blocking agent and reduces intraocular pressure minimally inanimals by decreasing cyclic-AMP synthesis in the ciliary body. Pilot studies have suggested...
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Indications / Pharmacology Timolol maleate is used primarily to prevent the development of primaryglaucoma in the contralateral eye of a dog which has developed primary glaucoma in one eye. It onlyreduces intraocular pressure 3-10 mmHg and, therefore is of minimal usefulness in patients...
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Note: Generally, once acute congestive primary glaucoma is noted in one eye it is treated as anemergency using mannitol/glycerin systemically, a systemic carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, a miotic andthen surgery is considered for lasting control of intraocular pressure. The following topical drugs are...
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The following section lists the majority of veterinary-labeled ophthalmic topical products and some ofthe more commonly used human-labeled products in veterinary medicine. It was written in cooperationwith Dennis K. Olivero, DVM, DACVO to whom I would like to express my gratitude. Drugs are...
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↪ Description - ZINC ACETATE, ZINC SULFATE
Dogs: For treatment and prophylaxis of hepatic copper toxicosis in Bedlington and West Highland White Terriers: a) Initially, give a loading dose of 100 mg elemental zinc (zinc acetate used in this study)twice daily (separate doses by at least 8...
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↪ Doses - ZINC ACETATE, ZINC SULFATE
Chemistry - Zinc acetate occurs as white crystals or granules. It has a faint acetous odor and effloresces slightly. One gram is soluble in 2.5 ml of water and in 30 ml of alcohol. Zinc sulfate occurs as a colorless granular powder, small needles, or...
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↪ Description - YOHIMBINE HCL
Dogs: For xylazine reversal: a) 0.11 mg/kg IV slowly (Package insert; Yobine®¯Lloyd) b) 0.1 mg/kg IV (Gross and Tranquilli 1989) c) As an antiemetic: 0.25 - 0.5 mg/kg q12h subQ or IM (Washabau and Elie 1995)Cats: For xylazine reversal: a) As an...
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↪ Doses - YOHIMBINE HCL
Chemistry - A Rauwolfia or indolealkylamine alkaloid, yohimbine HCl has a molecular weight of390.9. It is chemically related to reserpine.Storage, Stability, Compatibility Yohimbine injection should be stored at room temperature(15-30°C); (Antagonil®-store...
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↪ Description - XYLAZINE HCL
Dogs: a) 1.1 mg/kg IV, 1.1 - 2.2 mg/kg IM or SQ (Package Insert; Rompun® - Miles) b) 0.6 mg/kg IV IM as a sedative (Morgan 1988) c) To treat a hypoglycemic crises (with IV dextrose): 1.1 mg/kg IM (Schall 1985) d) 0.5 - 1.0 mg/kg IV or 1 - 2 mg/kg IM (Davis...
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↪ Doses - XYLAZINE HCL
Chemistry - Xylazine HCl is a alpha2-adrenergic agonist structurally related to clonidine. The pHof the commercially prepared injections is approximately 5.5. Dosages and bottle concentrations areexpressed in terms of the base.Storage, Stability, Compatibility Do not...
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↪ Description - WARFARIN SODIUM
Dogs: For adjunctive therapy of thromboemboli: a) For pulmonary thromboemboli: 0.1 mg/kg PO once daily. Monitor PT (begin 3-4 daysafter starting therapy) and aim for an increase to 1.5 - 2 times baseline value. (Bauer1988) b) For pulmonary thromboembolism:...
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