KETOROLAC TROMETHAMINE (OPHTHALMIC), TROPICAMIDE (OPHTHALMIC)

« »

KETOROLAC TROMETHAMINE (OPHTHALMIC)

Indications/Pharmacology Ketorolac tromethamine is a pyrrolol-pyrrole nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agent that inhibits prostaglandin formation. Prostaglandins mediate inflammation within theeye by disrupting the blood-aqueous barrier, inducing vasodilation and increasing intraocular... ↪ Read more

TROPICAMIDE (OPHTHALMIC)

Indications/Pharmacology Tropicamide, like atropine, causes mydriasis and cycloplegia, but has more mydriatic than cycloplegic activity. Tropicamide has a more rapid onset (maximum mydriasis in 15-30 minutes) of action and a shorter duration of action (pupil returns to normal in 6-12 hours in most... ↪ Read more

METIPRANOLOL (OPHTHALMIC)

Indications / Pharmacology Metipranolol HCl can be used as a substitute for timolol maleate (see above). Metipranolol is a nonselective beta blocking agent and reduces intraocular pressure minimally inanimals by decreasing cyclic-AMP synthesis in the ciliary body. Pilot studies have suggested... ↪ Read more

TIMOLOL MALEATE (OPHTHALMIC)

Indications / Pharmacology Timolol maleate is used primarily to prevent the development of primaryglaucoma in the contralateral eye of a dog which has developed primary glaucoma in one eye. It onlyreduces intraocular pressure 3-10 mmHg and, therefore is of minimal usefulness in patients... ↪ Read more

Glaucoma, Topical Agents

Note: Generally, once acute congestive primary glaucoma is noted in one eye it is treated as anemergency using mannitol/glycerin systemically, a systemic carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, a miotic andthen surgery is considered for lasting control of intraocular pressure. The following topical drugs are... ↪ Read more

Ophthalmic Products, Topical

The following section lists the majority of veterinary-labeled ophthalmic topical products and some ofthe more commonly used human-labeled products in veterinary medicine. It was written in cooperationwith Dennis K. Olivero, DVM, DACVO to whom I would like to express my gratitude. Drugs are... ↪ Read more

Doses - ZINC ACETATE, ZINC SULFATE

↪ Description - ZINC ACETATE, ZINC SULFATE Dogs: For treatment and prophylaxis of hepatic copper toxicosis in Bedlington and West Highland White Terriers: a) Initially, give a loading dose of 100 mg elemental zinc (zinc acetate used in this study)twice daily (separate doses by at least 8... ↪ Read more

ZINC ACETATE, ZINC SULFATE

↪ Doses - ZINC ACETATE, ZINC SULFATE Chemistry - Zinc acetate occurs as white crystals or granules. It has a faint acetous odor and effloresces slightly. One gram is soluble in 2.5 ml of water and in 30 ml of alcohol. Zinc sulfate occurs as a colorless granular powder, small needles, or... ↪ Read more

Doses - YOHIMBINE HCL

↪ Description - YOHIMBINE HCL Dogs: For xylazine reversal: a) 0.11 mg/kg IV slowly (Package insert; Yobine®¯Lloyd) b) 0.1 mg/kg IV (Gross and Tranquilli 1989) c) As an antiemetic: 0.25 - 0.5 mg/kg q12h subQ or IM (Washabau and Elie 1995)Cats: For xylazine reversal: a) As an... ↪ Read more

YOHIMBINE HCL

↪ Doses - YOHIMBINE HCL Chemistry - A Rauwolfia or indolealkylamine alkaloid, yohimbine HCl has a molecular weight of390.9. It is chemically related to reserpine.Storage, Stability, Compatibility Yohimbine injection should be stored at room temperature(15-30°C); (Antagonil®-store... ↪ Read more

Doses - XYLAZINE HCL

↪ Description - XYLAZINE HCL Dogs: a) 1.1 mg/kg IV, 1.1 - 2.2 mg/kg IM or SQ (Package Insert; Rompun® - Miles) b) 0.6 mg/kg IV IM as a sedative (Morgan 1988) c) To treat a hypoglycemic crises (with IV dextrose): 1.1 mg/kg IM (Schall 1985) d) 0.5 - 1.0 mg/kg IV or 1 - 2 mg/kg IM (Davis... ↪ Read more

XYLAZINE HCL

↪ Doses - XYLAZINE HCL Chemistry - Xylazine HCl is a alpha2-adrenergic agonist structurally related to clonidine. The pHof the commercially prepared injections is approximately 5.5. Dosages and bottle concentrations areexpressed in terms of the base.Storage, Stability, Compatibility Do not... ↪ Read more