Cattle/Ruminants: For cattle with putrefaction of rumen associated with a high rumen pH: a) 4 - 10 liters of vinegar. (Constable 1993)Horses: For enterolith prevention: a) Using vinegar: 250 ml/450 kg body weight PO once daily (Robinson 1992) Dosage Forms/Preparations/FDA Approval... ↪ Read more

Chemistry - Glacial acetic acid is C2H4O2. Acetic acid has a distinctive odor and a sharp acidtaste. It is miscible with water, alcohol or glycerin. Much confusion can occur with the percentagesof C2H4O2 contained in various acetic acid solutions. Acetic Acid USP is defined as having aconcentration... ↪ Read more

Directions for reconstitution of injection: Reconstitute 500 mg vial with at least 5 ml of Sterile Water for Injection; use within 24 hours after reconstitution.Dogs: For adjunctive treatment of metabolic alkalosis: a) 10 mg/kg qid (may aggravate volume contraction and hypokalemia). (Hardy and... ↪ Read more

Chemistry - A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, acetazolamide occurs as a white to faintly yellowish-white, odorless, crystalline powder with pKas of 7.4 and 9.1. It is very slightly soluble in water andsparingly soluble in hot water (90-100°C), and sparingly soluble in alcohol. Acetozolamide... ↪ Read more

Dogs: As an analgesic: a) 15 mg/kg PO q8h (Dodman 1992) b) 10 mg/kg PO q12h (Kelly 1995) b) In the treatment of degenerative myelopathy (in German Shepherds): 5 mg/kg PO (not to exceed 20 mg/kg per day) (Clemmons 1991) In combination with codeine as an analgesic: a) Using a 60 mg codeine and 300... ↪ Read more

Chemistry - A synthetic non-opiate analgesic, acetaminophen (also known as paracetamol occurs as a crystalline, white powder with a slightly bitter taste. It is soluble in boiling water and freely soluble in alcohol. Acetaminophen is known in the U.K. as paracetamol. Storage, Stability,... ↪ Read more

Note: The manufacturer's dose of 0.5 - 2.2 mg/kg for dogs and cats is considered bymany clinicians to be 10 times greater than is necessary for most indications. Give IV doses slowly;allow at least 15 minutes for onset of action.Dogs: a) Premedication: 0.03 - 0.05 mg/kg IM or 1 - 3 mg/kg PO at... ↪ Read more

Chemistry - Acepromazine maleate (formerly acetylpromazine) is a phenothiazine derivative whichoccurs as a yellow, odorless, bitter tasting powder. One gram is soluble in 27 ml of water, 13 ml ofalcohol, and 3 ml of chloroform. Acepromazine is also known as "ACE", ACP, Plegicil®,... ↪ Read more